hw#5

Scientific Revolution-The period of great advances in the sciences.

Nicolaus Copernicus- Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center.

Heliocentric Theory-Sun-centered.

Johannes Kepler-German astronomer who first stated laws of planetary motion.

Galileo Galilei-Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars.

Scientific Method-A method of research in which a problem is identified, relevant data are gathered, a hypothesis is formulated from these data, and the hypothesis is empirically tested.

Francis bacon-An english philosopher , statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist and author.

René Descartes-Was a French philosopher, mathematician, physicist, and writer.

Isaac Newton-English philosopher and mathematician: formulator of the law of gravitation

1. Scholars began to question the scientific ideas of the ancient thinkers or the Bible by observing nature for themselves.
2. With the creation of the scientific method, Scientists began creating new tools/instruments to make observations.
3. During the Renaissance, there weren't any good explanations about nature.
4. People who used math as a tool for things began using it to get a better understanding of nature.

Mikhail Gorbachev and the Collapse of Communism

Mikhail Gorbachev is the president of Russia. He was the youngest president at age 54. Mikhail decided that since the russia was a totalitarian state, and nothing was getting done, he thought that he should open up russia more so that free fresh new ideas will come and make Russia more economic and new with social reforms. This was called the "Glasnost". This was to promote Openess in Russia.

In 1985, Gorbachev decided to make something new called "Peristrokia". This was to make economic reforms. Local managers gained full rights to their farms and property and people were allowed to own privately owned small buisnesses.

The Collapse of Communism

The reason for the collapse of the berlin wall was people can leave countrys without exit visas and caused a migration to east germany. Countrys formed a union against communism called the warsaw pact. Which denied communism into countrys. Communist partys still stayed political. traditional communist partys with dictators china cuba north korea etc. Also chinese partys crushed their schools. The United States was able to profit from its imperialist exploitation of other countries while socialism could only lose economically in that competition

Nelson Mandela And Apartheid

Nelson Mandela was a hero to many people for many reasons.He was admired by many people because he was always fighting for freedom of his nation even if it took him to go to jail he would always try and get freedom for them.People also think of him as a hero because even in jail he tryed to make a point and he did which is why they let him out and let him elect as president and he did and got his country freedom.

"African Independence"

Lots of things had changed from 1955 to 1975 and there were lots of leaders that helped this happen.Such as all of Africa was  controled by the British and then in 1975 mostly 90 percent went independent accept maybe like 3 of them were still controlled by the British.The reason why the British wanted to control Africa so much was because they had alot of natural resources.

Film Lesson:"Right Stuff"

The US and the USSR were both competing for a historic thing.First the US had broke the sound barrier in the sky which was called M.O.C.K and then the USSR had destroyed our record which was M.O.C.K 2 .The USSR had also put the first satellite into space.The USSR had beat the US in that which had made the US furious and now the US wanted to make sure that they were the first to go into space and they would do anything to make sure they were.So what they did was they found 7 brave men to do the task for them.When the USSR put the first satellite up into space and  it only took them one try and they were successful but on the other hand it took the US a numerous amount of times for them to get the space ship up in the sky and if it did go up it would eventually blow up or go on fire.So since that had happened they had made the 7 men stay back when the rocket test had finally worked for once but they were worried that it would blow the 7 men up so instead they had put monkeys there and once they got high enough they shot them down with a parachute and it had worked fine.But since the USSR had found out they had decided to put a man up on to space and they did and that made the US even more furious because what ever the US did the USSR did it even better.The USSR had won the competition because they just out did the US in everything they had tried to do.

Nato And The Warsaw Pact

NATO and the Warsaw Pact were both organizations was both involoved and wanted a mutual defense alliance.Such as NATO had standed f0r North Atlantic Treaty Organization and they had some courtries in Europe and North America.The Warsaw Pact consisted mostly of the Soviet Union and were for the response to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

They were both formed so that if one of the countries were attacked all the people in NATO would help them.The Warsaw Pact had tryed to do the same also.The Soviet Union had tryed this also so they could strenghten there army.

Film Lesson:"Night And Fog"

Some of my reactions to this movie was disgusting,cruel,and not human like.I thought it was disgusting because they just burn them and put them in gas chambers and let them rot to death.I also thought it was cruel cause they would kill little children just cause they could work and didn't help them out.It was not human like because you just don't kill that many people for no reason and then have the nerve to burn them.

I found it pretty powerful cause it's just crazy how humans can do that and get away with it like if they were on this earth to just kill Jews.Some scenes were better form this movie and some were better from the other one such as in this movie they showed peoples head chopped off and all the hair they would collecting form the people they would kill to make there clothing and the  gas chambers.But in Schindler's List it shows like the liquidation of the ghettos the labor camps and like people getting burned and all the ashes that look like snow,the people all cramped in the carts.These are also the reasons why both of the films were effective in there own ways.

Film Lesson:"Schindler List"

Schindler's List illustrated the holocaust because it showed everything that had happened such as the liquidation,labor camp and Auschwitz.I thought the most powerful scene was Auschwitz because it showed lots of Jews getting burnt and shot.I thought it was also crazy how instead of snow coming down it was really the ashes of the Jews.It was also interesting how they showed like where the Jews would hide and stuff and how the Nazis would find them there.

I think the image of them burning people will probably not leave me because its so crazy how the Germans just burn all those people and not even care.I think another image that stood with me is all the sick people that were all cramped in those carts and when Schindler helps them out by giving them water with the fire hoes.It had stood with me cause it showed that at least there was one person that had cared for them and didn't treat them like experiment.I think people getting shoot in the head for no reason will stay with me cause it shows how cruel people were during the war.

I thought that Schindler's List was a better movie as a viewer because it showed much more glory.I thought it had also showed more things such as the liquidation and some of the labor camps and the ghettos.I also thought it was more powerful cause it showed how the Nazi's would just shoot the Jews if they did a little thing wrong.They also showed them burning the Jews to which i didn't see in the other movie.

Mustafa Kemal(Ataturk) and the Modernization of Turkey

One way that he thought he could modernize Turkey was to make them dress like the United States or the Europeans. Therefore he commanded that they were boots or shoes on there feet , trousers on there legs,shirt and tie,jacket and waistcoat,and a hat. He had made the government workers to wear Western-style bussiness suits and he had banned the fez.

Some changes he did was he seperated the laws of Islam from the laws of the nation. He also gave the women alittle more freedom by letting them vote and also to hold public office.

Secular- This is when you are not concerned with religious, spiritual, or sacred things.

Film Lesson - "Gandhi"

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a political leader that lead India through there Indian Independence.He was different from other leaders cause he was not violent instead he used his words of wisdom.The reason why he thought of not using violence was because he thought that if he would not hit someone and if the eniemes did that they would look bad because that hit them for talking and speaking there minds.He made his non-violence work good because as he was still doing that the British just looked really bad on there part and it was even more bad when the press from the United States had came.Another way he help out India was by making his own clothing because he didnt want the government to get any of his money,so as that was happening everyone else in India starting making there own clothing also which had made the british very mad cause they had started to lose there money.To end it off was the salt march which was when Ghandi marched out to the sea and had made there own salt ,and sell the salt instead of buying it from the British.

I think the Indian Indepence was mostly infulenced by Ghandi because he was the person who everyone envy and followed because everyone trusted him and knew he was right to not be violent.

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